- 承接《23 常用动词3》，继续收录 Oxford 5000 C1 级别的正式动词，这篇收字母 G-O 开头的一批。
- 涵盖"控制/管理"类动词（oversee、mobilize、manipulate）和"引发/加剧"类动词（induce、intensify、inflict），每个词配一个常用搭配。
- 学完能更精确地描述管理行为和因果关系，减少对 control/cause/increase 的过度依赖。
重点内容
| 英文 | 音标 | 中文 | 例句 | 常用搭配 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| grind (v.) | /graɪnd/ | 磨碎 | Grind the coffee beans finely. | grind to a halt |
| hail (v.) | /heɪl/ | 称赞；招呼 | The plan was hailed as a success. | hail a taxi |
| haunt (v.) | /hɔːnt/ | 萦绕；困扰 | The memory haunted her for years. | haunt someone |
| heighten (v.) | /ˈhaɪtn/ | 增强；提高 | The music heightened the tension. | heighten awareness |
| imprison (v.) | /ɪmˈprɪzn/ | 监禁 | He was imprisoned for fraud. | imprison someone |
| incur (v.) | /ɪnˈkɜː(r)/ | 招致；招惹 | The company incurred huge losses. | incur a cost |
| induce (v.) | /ɪnˈdjuːs/ | 诱导；引起 | The drug induces sleep. | induce a change |
| indulge (v.) | /ɪnˈdʌldʒ/ | 放纵；沉迷 | She indulged in a piece of cake. | indulge in |
| inflict (v.) | /ɪnˈflɪkt/ | 施加（痛苦） | The storm inflicted heavy damage. | inflict pain |
| inhibit (v.) | /ɪnˈhɪbɪt/ | 抑制 | Fear inhibited her from speaking. | inhibit growth |
| initiate (v.) | /ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/ | 发起 | They initiated talks with the union. | initiate a process |
| inspect (v.) | /ɪnˈspekt/ | 检查 | Officials inspected the factory. | inspect a site |
| instruct (v.) | /ɪnˈstrʌkt/ | 指示；教导 | She instructed him to wait. | instruct someone to |
| intensify (v.) | /ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ/ | 加剧 | Fighting intensified overnight. | intensify efforts |
| interfere (v.) | /ˌɪntəˈfɪə(r)/ | 干涉 | Don't interfere in other people's business. | interfere with |
| intervene (v.) | /ˌɪntəˈviːn/ | 介入 | The government intervened to stop the strike. | intervene in |
| invoke (v.) | /ɪnˈvəʊk/ | 援引；唤起 | She invoked her right to remain silent. | invoke a law |
| kidnap (v.) | /ˈkɪdnæp/ | 绑架 | The child was kidnapped for ransom. | kidnap a hostage |
| license (v.) | /ˈlaɪsns/ | 许可；发执照给 | The company is licensed to operate. | license a product |
| linger (v.) | /ˈlɪŋgə(r)/ | 逗留；徘徊 | The smell lingered in the room. | linger on |
| manifest (v.) | /ˈmænɪfest/ | 表明；显现 | Stress can manifest as illness. | manifest itself |
| manipulate (v.) | /məˈnɪpjuleɪt/ | 操纵 | He manipulated the data. | manipulate someone |
| maximize (v.) | /ˈmæksɪmaɪz/ | 最大化 | The company wants to maximize profit. | maximize efficiency |
| merge (v.) | /mɜːdʒ/ | 合并 | The two firms merged last year. | merge with |
| minimize (v.) | /ˈmɪnɪmaɪz/ | 最小化 | We need to minimize risk. | minimize damage |
| mobilize (v.) | /ˈməʊbəlaɪz/ | 动员 | The army was mobilized quickly. | mobilize support |
| nod (v.) | /nɒd/ | 点头 | She nodded in agreement. | nod approvingly |
| oblige (v.) | /əˈblaɪdʒ/ | 迫使；使有义务 | The law obliges companies to comply. | be obliged to |
| opt (v.) | /ɒpt/ | 选择 | She opted for the cheaper option. | opt for |
| originate (v.) | /əˈrɪdʒɪneɪt/ | 起源 | The custom originated in China. | originate from |
| overlook (v.) | /ˌəʊvəˈlʊk/ | 忽视；俯瞰 | Don't overlook the details. | overlook a mistake |
| oversee (v.) | /ˌəʊvəˈsiː/ | 监督 | She oversees the entire project. | oversee operations |
*maximize*（最大化）和 *minimize*（最小化）是一对反义词，常一起出现在商业/管理类文章里，比如 "maximize profit while minimizing cost"。
Sources
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