- despite 和 although 都翻成「尽管」，为什么 despite the rain 说得通，despite it rained 却是错的？关键在后面接的语法结构不同。
- although / even though / though 三个都接主谓句（完整句子），even though 语气比 although 更强。
- despite / in spite of 只接名词、动名词或代词，想接完整句子就要加 the fact that。
- though 还能单独放句尾用在口语里，书面写作比较少见。
- 五个词都能放句首或句中，B1 写作常用，规则简单但接续结构最容易搞混。
重点内容
共同点
*although*、*even though*、*in spite of*、*despite* 都用来：
- 连接两个对比的想法
- 表达「一个事实让另一个事实显得出乎意料」
都可以放在句首或句中：
- Despite the rain, we enjoyed the festival.
- We enjoyed the festival, despite the rain.
in spite of / despite → 接名词、动名词或代词
结构：in spite of / despite + noun / gerund (-ing) / pronoun
| 例句 | 后面接的是 |
|---|---|
| They never made much money, in spite of their success. | 名词（their success） |
| In spite of the pain in his leg, he completed the marathon. | 名词（the pain） |
| Despite having a headache, I had a great birthday. | 动名词（having） |
| In spite of that, we arrived on time. | 代词（that） |
常见用法：接 the fact that + 主谓句
- In spite of the fact that he worked very hard, he didn't pass the exam.
- Despite the fact that he worked very hard, he didn't pass the exam.
although / even though → 接主谓句
结构：although / even though + subject + verb
- I enjoyed the course, although I would have liked more grammar practice.
- Although we saw each other every day, we didn't really know each other.
- Even though she spoke very quietly, he understood every word.
- She didn't get the job, even though she had all the necessary qualifications.
*even though* 比 *although* 语气更强，更强调对比。
though → 两种用法
用法 1：和 *although* 用法一样，接主谓句
- Though I wasn't keen on the film, I thought the music was beautiful.
用法 2：放在句尾（口语常见）
- We waited ages for our food. The waiter was really nice, though.
（我们等了很久。不过服务员很亲切。）
*though* 放句尾是口语表达，书面写作少用。
对比总结
| 词语 | 接什么 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| although | 主谓句 | Although it rained, we had fun. |
| even though | 主谓句（语气更强） | Even though it rained, we had fun. |
| though | 主谓句 / 句尾 | We had fun, though. |
| despite | 名词 / 动名词 / 代词 | Despite the rain, we had fun. |
| in spite of | 名词 / 动名词 / 代词 | In spite of the rain, we had fun. |
例句练习
| 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| Although we don't agree, I think she's a brilliant speaker. | 虽然我们意见不同，但我觉得她是个很棒的演讲者。 |
| Even though she spoke very quietly, he understood every word. | 尽管她说话很轻，他还是听懂了每个字。 |
| In spite of the pain in his leg, he completed the marathon. | 尽管腿很痛，他还是完成了马拉松。 |
| Despite having a headache, I had a great birthday. | 虽然头痛，我的生日过得很开心。 |
| We waited ages. The waiter was really nice, though. | 我们等了很久。不过服务员很亲切。 |
常见错误
❌ Despite he worked very hard, he didn't pass. ✅ Despite working very hard, he didn't pass. ✅ Despite the fact that he worked very hard, he didn't pass. ✅ Although he worked very hard, he didn't pass.
*despite* 后面不能直接接主谓句，要接名词/动名词或加 *the fact that*。
❌ Although the rain, we enjoyed the festival. ✅ Despite the rain, we enjoyed the festival. ✅ Although it rained, we enjoyed the festival.
*although* 后面不能直接接名词，要有主谓句。
❌ In spite of it rained, we had fun. ✅ In spite of the rain, we had fun. ✅ Although it rained, we had fun.
*in spite of* 后不接完整句子，要接名词形式。
Sources
British Council – Learn English: