- 三种加强语气的手法一次到齐：it/what 开头的分裂句突出句子里某个部分、倒装句（否定副词开头+主谓倒装）营造正式有力的效果、重读助动词强调「事实确实如此」。
- 倒装句在这个等级是全新的正式语域用法——否定副词放句首后主谓要颠倒，原句没助动词还得另外加 do/does/did。
- 分裂句除了 it/what，也能换成 where/why/who/how 开头，或把 what 子句挪到句尾。
- 学完能写出、说出更有说服力、更强调重点的英文句子。
重点内容
分裂句（Cleft Sentences）
把一个普通句子拆成两部分，突出其中一个元素。
以 it 开头： 把想强调的部分移到句首 it + be 之后：
- 原句：You invited me to the party yesterday.
- It was you who invited me to the party yesterday.（强调：你，而不是别人）
- It was yesterday that you invited me to the party.（强调：昨天，而不是别的时间）
- It was the party that you invited me to yesterday.（强调：这场派对，而不是别的场合）
以 what 开头： 常见于口语，强调 what 子句以外的部分：
- What I like best about going to the cinema is talking about the film afterwards.
- What drives me up the wall is people talking during the film.
这类分裂句也能用 where、why、who、how 开头，或把 what 子句放到句尾：
- The game we played was what I liked the most.
倒装句（Inversion with Negative Adverbials）
把否定副词（never、rarely、not only 等）放到句首，并颠倒主语和助动词的正常顺序，效果更正式、更有说服力：
- Rarely have I read such an original story.（= I have rarely read such an original story.）
如果原句没有助动词，需要加一个：
- Not only do they have live reptiles but you can also touch them.
其他常见否定词： little、no sooner、never、not：
- Little did I realise that the restaurant was about to close.
- No sooner had we got inside than the concert ended!
- Not a single positive comment did I hear from Will.
助动词强调（Emphatic Auxiliaries）
口语里，重读助动词本身就能表示强调：
- A: Why aren't you coming to my birthday party?
- B: I am coming! Who told you I'm not?!
如果原句没有助动词，加 do/does/did 来强调：
- A: I know you weren't keen on the exhibition.
- B: I did like some of it.（你以为我不喜欢，但事实是我喜欢）
英式英语里，do 也能让命令句更强调（听起来较正式）：
- Do sit down, please.
- Do be quiet!
例句练习
| 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| Not only did she sing at the talent show, she also danced! | 她不但在才艺表演上唱了歌，还跳了舞！ |
| I know it may surprise you, but I really do know quite a bit about this. | 我知道你可能会惊讶，但我真的对这件事了解不少。 |
| How the kids did this is still unclear to me. | 孩子们是怎么做到这件事的，我到现在还搞不清楚。 |
常见错误
❌ Rarely I have read such an original story.（语序没颠倒）
✅ Rarely have I read such an original story.
否定副词放句首后，主语和助动词的顺序一定要颠倒，不能维持原来「主语先、助动词后」的语序。
❌ Not only they have live reptiles.（缺少助动词）
✅ Not only do they have live reptiles.
原句没有助动词时，倒装句要另外加上 do/does/did，不能直接颠倒主语和实义动词。
Sources
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