- 中文说「这城市有个公园」直接翻成「In this city have a big park」是错的，英文要用 there is/there are 这个结构来说「某个地方有什么」。
- 单数/不可数名词配 there is（可缩写 there's），复数名词配 there are，否定句是 there isn't / there aren't any / there are no。
- 疑问句把 is/are 提到 there 前面：Is there…? / Are there any…?，回答用 there is / there isn't 这类简答。
- 跟 have/has 不能混用——there is/are 描述场景里「存在」什么，have/has 描述某人/某物「拥有」什么，视角完全不同。
重点内容
基本结构
| 情况 | 结构 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| 单数/不可数名词 | There is (There's) + 名词 | There's a park in my city. |
| 复数名词 | There are + 名词 | There are many restaurants here. |
- There's a very big park in my city. 我城市里有一个很大的公园。
- There are no restaurants in the station. 车站里没有餐厅。
否定句
| 结构 | 例子 |
|---|---|
| There isn't + 单数/不可数名词 | There isn't a cinema nearby. |
| There aren't any + 复数名词 | There aren't any street markets. |
| There are no + 复数名词 | There are no restaurants in the station. |
- There aren't any street markets. 没有夜市/街市。
- There are no restaurants in the station. 车站里没有餐厅。
肯定句（完整句）
- There's a café and a bank (in the station). 车站里有一间咖啡厅和一间银行。
- There are some supermarkets in this area. 这一带有几家超市。
疑问句
| 结构 | 例子 |
|---|---|
| Is there + 单数? | Is there a pharmacy nearby? |
| Are there + 复数? | Are there any seats left? |
- Is there a bank near here? → Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
- Are there any buses to the city centre? → Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.
there is/are vs have/has
这两个不能互换！
| 用法 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| there is/are → 描述地方/场景里存在的东西 | There's a pool in this hotel. |
| have/has → 某人/某物「拥有」 | This hotel has a pool. |
例句练习
- There's a shopping mall near my house.
我家附近有一个购物中心。
- There aren't any seats left in the cinema.
电影院里没有剩余座位了。
- Is there a toilet on this floor?
这层楼有洗手间吗？
- There are three parks and two lakes in this neighbourhood.
这个社区有三个公园和两个湖。
- There's no wifi in this café.
这间咖啡厅没有 wifi。
常见错误
❌ In this city have a big park.
✅ There's a big park in this city.
❌ There is many students in the hall.
✅ There are many students in the hall. （students 是复数，用 are）
❌ There are a problem.
✅ There is a problem. （problem 是单数，用 is）
❌ Are there some seats? （疑问句）
✅ Are there any seats? （疑问/否定句用 any）
Sources
Blog / Website：