- he/she/it 后面的动词忘记加 -s，是华人初学英语时现在简单时最常犯的错误。
- 现在简单时有两大用途：说习惯性动作（go to the gym three times a week）和说普遍事实（water freezes at 0°C）。
- 第三人称单数变形有细则——一般加 -s，-ch/-sh/-s/-x/-z 结尾加 -es，辅音+y 结尾去 y 加 -ies，have/do/go 是不规则形式。
- 否定句和疑问句都要靠助动词 do/does，动词本身要还原成原形，这是很多人容易漏掉的地方。
重点内容
两大用途
- 习惯性动作：I go to the gym three times a week. 我每周去三次健身房。
- 普遍真理/一般事实：Water freezes at 0°C. 水在 0°C 结冰。
第三人称单数加 -s / -es
当主语是 he / she / it 时，动词要变形。
| 规则 | 例子 |
|---|---|
| 一般情况加 -s | starts, phones, works |
| 以 -ch/-sh/-s/-x/-z 结尾加 -es | finishes, watches |
| 以「辅音 + y」结尾：去 y 加 -ies | study → studies |
| 不规则 | have → has, do → does, go → goes |
- My favourite TV show starts at 8 o'clock.
- She finishes work early on Fridays.
- My brother studies at university.
- He has a flat in the city centre.
否定句：don't / doesn't
- I/You/We/They + don't + 动词原形
- He/She/It + doesn't + 动词原形
- We don't eat meat. 我们不吃肉。
- She doesn't have a lot of free time. 她没有太多空闲时间。
疑问句：Do / Does
- Do + I/You/We/They + 动词原形?
- Does + He/She/It + 动词原形?
- Do you watch a lot of films? 你常看电影吗？
- Does he speak English? 他会说英语吗？
完整变化表
| 主语 | 肯定 | 否定 | 疑问 |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | like | don't like | Do I like? |
| You | go | don't go | Do you go? |
| He/She/It | eats | doesn't eat | Does he eat? |
| We/They | work | don't work | Do we/they work? |
简短回答
- Do you like cheese? → Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
- Does she play football? → Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
疑问词疑问句
疑问词（what, where, who, when）放在 do/does 前面。
- Where do you work? 你在哪里上班？
- What time does he have lunch? 他几点吃午饭？
例句练习
- My mum works at a hospital. She doesn't work on weekends.
我妈妈在医院上班，她周末不上班。
- Does your brother speak Malay?
你哥哥会讲马来语吗？
- I don't drink coffee, but I love tea.
我不喝咖啡，但我很爱喝茶。
- The train leaves at 8.30 a.m. every day.
火车每天早上 8:30 出发。
- What time do you usually get up?
你通常几点起床？
常见错误
❌ She go to school every day.
✅ She goes to school every day. （第三人称单数加 -es）
❌ He don't like spicy food.
✅ He doesn't like spicy food. （第三人称单数用 doesn't）
❌ Does she goes to the gym?
✅ Does she go to the gym? （Does 后面动词用原形，不加 -es）
❌ Where he works?
✅ Where does he work? （疑问句需要 does + 动词原形）
Sources
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